Parkinson’s Disease

Parkinson’s disease is the most common disease to affect the basal ganglia. Degeneration of neurons results in a reduced excitation of the cortex and a condition called hypokinesia.

Approximately one million Americans are afflicted with Parkinson’s and 60,000 more are diagnosed each year. Approximately 40% of patients are under the age of 60.

Symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease

  • Slowness in carrying out different motor functions (dyskinesia)
  • Difficulty in initiating movements (akinesia)
  • Increased muscle tone (rigidity)
  • Involuntary and unwanted movements (resting tremors)

Since the 1950s Parkinson’s disease has been treated by removing or destroying parts of the brain: pallidotomies and thalamotomies. Deep brain stimulation is an alternative surgical procedure that is less invasive, less permanent, and yields good results.

 
 

Related Pages

The Basal Ganglia

Effects of Parkinson’s Disease

Timeline of Parkinson’s Treatments

Surgical Procedure

Patient Perspectives